Polyhydroxy Acids (PHAs)

The polyhydroxy acids (PHAs) are the next generation of AHAs. They provide the anti-aging, skin-smoothing benefits of the AHAs without the potentially irritating side effects of burning and stinging. PHAs include gluconolactone and lactobionic acid,which are structurally larger molecules than AHAs allowing for slower skin penetration and thus fewer side effects [56, 57].

In addition to the exfoliative benefits of AHAs, PHAs provide additional benefits of enhanced stratum corneum barrier function and moisturization with humectant properties. This makes for enhanced skin compatibility and use for most skin types, including sensitive skins. PHAs are also protective since most of them contain antioxidant properties.