Anti-Infective Medications
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Side effects (SE) listed are either most common or serious |
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Antibiotics
Penicillins (PCNs)
- Binds and inactivates bacterial enzymes (PCN-binding proteins) involved in peptidoglycan synthesis → inhibits
bacterial cell wall synthesis
- Contains β-lactam ring; drug excretion via kidneys; specific types of PCNs:
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PCNs with β-lactamase inhibitor: amoxicillin and clavulanate (Augmentin)
- Penicillinase-resistant PCNs: dicloxacillin, methicillin, oxacillin
- Spectrum: gram-positive (GP) bacteria and spirochetes
- Treats: erysipeloid, anthrax, strep/staph infections, cat/dog/human bites
- SE: morbilliform eruption, angioedema , anaphylaxis, hemolytic anemia, interstitial nephritis, acute generalized
exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP), toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN)
- Contraindication (CI): hypersensitivity to any β-lactam antibiotic; pregnancy category B
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